A central challenge in neuroscience centers upon promoting nervous system regeneration. However, nervous system recovery after injury and during disease is often studied from a ‘neuron-centric’ perspective. This approach overlooks the interplay between neurons and glia, which facilitate neuronal function. Schwann cells, a type of peripheral glia, engage conserved cytoplasmic to nuclear signaling pathways to promote axonal myelination, and neural regeneration. The Daboussi lab integrates cell biology, protein biochemistry, and microscopy with mouse models human disease to understand how Schwann cells are affected by – and react to- peripheral nerve disease and injury.